11.8 BRAIN/LUNG KNIFE BLADES

In this webinar, Dr. Keith Wharton reviews a set of published studies using single cell analysis of lung tissues that have provided ground breaking insight into lung development and disease.

Antigen Background Napsin A has a specific function in normal alveolar epithelium and is proposed to play a role in the proteolytic processing of surfactant precursors.Napsin A is reported to be predominantly expressed in lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes, secondary lysosomes of alveolar macrophages, respiratory epithelium of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, plasma cells, within a subset of lymphocytes in normal lung, as well as in epit...

Antigen Background Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme that assists rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. Originally named MN/G250, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a cell surface transmembrane protein, which is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract and gallbladder. The glandular regions of normal colon are reported to be negative, but in the case of adenocarcinoma, the gl...

Antigen Background Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) is a member of the homeodomain transcription factor family and plays a role in regulating genes expressed within the thyroid, lung and brain. These include thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant proteins. Human TTF-1 (38 kD) is a single polypeptide of 371 amino acids sharing 98% homology with the equivalent rat and mouse proteins. TTF-1 functions by ...

Antigen Background Mast cells contain a number of preformed chemical mediators such as histamine, chymase, carboxypeptidase and proteolytic tryptase. A substantial quantity of tryptase is reported to be found in mast cells of skin and lung and suggests this enzyme plays a major role in mast cell mediated events. In vitro studies indicate tryptase can cleave C3 to form C3a anaphylatoxin, inactivate fibrinogen as a coaguable substrate for thrombin ...

Antigen Background Cytokeratins are intermediate filament proteins present in epithelial cells. They are expressed in a tissue-specific manner in normal organs and the tumors that arise from them. Cytokeratin 7 belongs to the neutral basic type B subfamily of cytokeratins. Its distribution is confined to glandular and transitional epithelia. Cytokeratin 7 is reported to be expressed in abundance in cultured bronchial and mesothelial cells but onl...

Antigen Background The c-kit proto-oncogene encodes a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, c-kit (CD117), which is closely-related to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor family. c-kit plays a role during hematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. The expression of CD117 antigen is of particular interest in the study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), small lung cell carcinomas and in melanomas. Disclaimer CD1...

Antigen Background 34E12 reacts with human cytokeratin intermediate filament proteins 1, 5, 10 and 14. The antibody is reported to react with squamous epithelium and sweat ducts in normal skin, some pneumocytes, bronchial epithelium and mesothelium in normal lung and bile ducts in normal liver. It also reacts with ductal cells of the normal pancreas, some acinar and ductal cells of normal breast, some follicular epithelia of normal thyroid and so...

Antigen Background In normal tissues cytokeratin 17 is reported to be expressed in basal cells of complex epithelia, for example, basal cells of pseudostratified epithelium in the trachea, larynx, bronchi, myoepithelial cells in salivary glands and sweat glands. In neoplastic tissue, cytokeratin 17 is reported to be expressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, cervix and oral cavity. Product Specific Information CK17 reacts with the human c...