Exploiting digital histology approaches to probe the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection
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COVID-19 is a complex multi-phase disease. In most people, an early innate immune response transitions into a broadly effective adaptive immune response that controls the virus. However, 20-30% of symptomatic patients require hospitalization, with ICU admission rates ranging from 4.9-11.5%, and overall fatality rates of around 0.5%. Long-term inflammation in patients receiving supportive care in ICU can lead to pulmonary fibrosis, representing a third phase of the disease.
The success of broad-acting immunosuppressants such as dexamethasone clearly demonstrates that while the immune system is involved in disease amelioration, it also causes disease exacerbation. Understanding what factors underpin the transition between each phase in the lungs, the site of primary infection, and other organs is required for full understanding of the pathophysiology of SARS CoV-2. Through various researches, our goal is to inform the optimal selection and scheduling of therapeutic approaches. To achieve this, we have undertaken a wide-ranging analysis of post-mortem samples from patients at the different stages of COVID-19 disease. Selected results will be presented during the talk.
The talk will also cover a range of digital pathology and tissue multiplexing techniques, discuss different in capabilities of specific research platforms and how they can be effectively combined to probe the biology of the tissue microenvironment.
Learning Objectives
- Describe different techniques involved in molecular histology and how they integrate in a workflow.
- Identify the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV2 infection in tissues, including related to viral replication and anti-viral immunity.
- Demonstrate how digital image analyses (immunofluorescence, transcriptomic) can be utilized to determine features of microenvironmental immunity.
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